Improvement in steam-boilers and evaporators



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DUDLEY MARVIN,- oE NEW YORK, AND oRAN W. sEE'LY, or soDUs,

' NEW YORK. I

IMPROVEMENT IN STEAM-.BOILERS AND E-VAPORATORS.`

Speciiication forming part of Letters Patent No. 1,746, dated August 28, 1S40.

.To a?! whom t may concern.-

Be it known that we, DUDLEY MARVIN, of the cit-y of New York, in the State of lNew York, and ORAN WV. SEELY, of the town of Sodus, in the county of Wayne, in said State, have invented a new and Improved Boiler or EvaporatorforCooking and Performing other .Operations vby Steam; and We do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification.

The nature of our invention consists in the particular manner in which we construct a `boiler for generating steam for the purpose of cooking or of steaming articles of various fkinds, by which construction a large heatingsurface is presented to the action of the fire Aand by which fuel is greatly economized, and

also in so forming the principal part of said Vboiler as to admit of its being readily molded 'Without the use of dry cores and cast in stove, which constitutes the receptacle for water, is so constructed as that its sides and 4ends shall contain water, and vthat by means 0f certain depressions, which we denominate Watercells,7 the heated air from the fuel may be carried back and forth or reverberated through lues of apeculiar construction. This water-receptacle is usually placed upon another casting, which we denominate a pedestal, within which is contained the iire-grate for the reception of fuel'. This pedestal rests on a stool or bottom plate furnished with legs, and being similar in all respects to the ordinary bottom plate of stoves. lVe generally cast the grate in one piece and make it to draw in and out; but this does not constitute an essential part of the structure, as wood or any other fuel may be employed and the {ire-chamber be adapted thereto. Above the principal. casting or Water-receptacle is a cap or cover, which incloses the top of the boiler and forms a steam-chamber, from which the steam that is generated is to be conducted through suitable cocks or openings, wherever maybe required. This cap or cover may be made of cast-iron or sheet metal.

To enable the mechanic and all for whose use ourimprovement is intended to construct or cause the same to be constructed, we will now describe the same, and the better to do so We have annexed several perspective a`nd sectional drawings, in w hich Figure l is a perspective view of the whole of the boiler. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal side View thereof. Fig. 3 is a front elevation.

Theselast two figures show the tapering f'orm of the principal casting, which is made smaller at the bottom than at top, thus having an easy draft from the top of it on the inside, as it has also on all the sides of the water-cells, and the sides of the cavities for the passage of heat, thus enabling the molder to form the mold for the casting with but one pair of flasks and without' cores. Fig.' 4 is a top perspective view showing the arrangement and construction of the water-.

cells of the principal casting, the cap or cover being removed in order to exhibit these parts distinctly. Fig. 5 is a perspective View ofthe bottom and front end of the same, but having the bottom plate and pedestal removed and a portion of the flange of the smoke-fine left out, showing the internal arrangement of the lower part or bottom of the water-cells and of the division-piece, which will be hereinafter described and its use explained. Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the pedestal-piece next above the stool or bottom plate, upon which the principal casting is placed, and forms, with the grate, the lower part of the furnace of the boiler. Y

Fig. 7 is a front perspective view of what we denominate the division-piece, forming the reverberating ues of the boiler or principal casting. The bars c c cof this piece are made to slide into their places in the principal casting and rest on bearers or projecting knobs between the water-cells. (Shown at ct ct a c, Fig. 9.) This division-piece may be secured to the principal casting by rivets, as

shown at l) bb,Fig. 1. To the front e e `e of this piece the door of the furnace is hung, and

the bars c c c c, Figs. 5, 7, and 8, dividing the spaces betweenA the water-cells horizontally and extending from the front.- nearlyto the back end of these spaces,form Huesand carry backthe draft of heat to the back partof the furnace, andV by the openings or flues at d d CZ d return it forward to the smoke-flue situated in front of the boiler. This divisipn,by which a return-nue for the volume of heat is secured, prevents a suspension of thedraft when the door of the furnace is open and produces a more perfect combustion of the fuel and a more complete expenditure of theheat in generating steam. A I

Fig. 8 is a back perspective view of the division-piece,land Fig. 9 is a sectional front. view of the principal casting, showing the bearings or projections u a ce for the support of the division-piece when the parts are put together, and also distinctly showing the taper of the water-cells and the divisions between them,so as to cause the whole to draw freely from the mold in the operation of casting.

The parts thus shown, when taken collect ively and properly combined, as shown at Fig. l constitute a boiler of seven pieces of casting, viz: first, the stool; secondly, the Pedestalpiece; thirdly, the principal casting; fourthly, the cap or steam-chamber, being a succession of four main pieces from the bottom to the top with .the additions of, fthly, the division-piece; siXthly, the grate, an d, seventhly,

the door-piece.v This number of pieces, however, may be varied and the-parts may undergo some change without essentially altering the nature of ourinvention.

A A A A A,'Figs..l.`, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 9, is the principal casting formed with parallel Watercells, as seen at Fig.4, and having four parallel spaces between them for the passage of the heat, as seen at Fig. 5. The cells g g g, surrounding those of the center 7?, 7L It, extend around the two sides and the back part of the boiler and also down `to the bottom of the principal casting, and thus give to three sides of the furnace a bank of protection and an extendedsu rface exposed to heat. The three center cells 71. h h are less deep, giving the capacity or space necessary to the furnace over which they are located. These make together five parallel receptacles for water or watercells,which are connected or combined by means of the cross-cell at the back part, thus admitting a free circulation of the water from one part of the boiler to the other and forming between the five parallel cells bythe aid of the division-bars c c c four parallel iiues for the passage of the flame and circulation of the heat acting upon the sides thereof.

In Fig. 9, vl fi 'L' are the bottoms of the middle, and k of the outer, Water-cells, which latter rest upon the pedestal.

B B B B, Figs.1,2,3, and G, is the pedestal, upon which the principal casting is placed, resting upon the stool C and making. at e e,

V,the steam-chamber.

Fig. 6, a seat for the grate and below an ashpan.

C C C, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is a stool or ordinary bottom plate with legs.

D D D, Figs. 1, 2, and 3, is a' cap forming ened by screw-bolts, as shown at Fig. 3, and

may be constructed ot' cast or of sheet metal.

E, Fig. E2, is a valve or cock in the boiler ot' the principal casting for the introduction of thesupply of water, which may be taken from any tub or cistern standing alongside of or`at any convenient distance from the boiler, it being connected therewith by means of apipe. By placing a supply-tub at a proper height and leaving it open at top the height of the l Water may be readily determined, as its level will be the same in the supply-tub and in the boiler.

F F, Figs. l and 3, is a valve or cock which may open into the smoke-pipe when it is desired to let olf the steam in that way.

G G G G, Figs. l, 2, and 3, are valves or cocks from which the steam may be conducted to the object required to be acted upon. There may be several such inserted into the cap to suit the convenience of the operator-as, for instance, if for cooking potatoes orother vegetables for the food of cattle or for analogous operations, we connect a valve byra pipe to the bottom of a tub containing the vegetable, passing the same through the bottom and covering the top thereof. rlhe steam is then let on and the process perfected, and in like manner and from any part of the cap the steam t may be conducted to any distilling, bleaching,dyeing, or refining apparatus for heating' rooms in dwellings and factories and for various culinary and mechanical purposes.

I-I H, Fig. l, is a grate under the boiler, which may be made to slide out on suitable ways, and will be found the most convenient mode of construction when coal is used as fuel.

Operation: When put into operation, the volume of heated air is drawn to the back part of the furnace, passes up at the back ends of the plates ot' the division-piece, and thence toward the front. The `openings marked d d d d, Fig. 5, constitute the passage into the reverberating fines at the ends of the division-piece. The draft is returned forward to openings inclosedwithin the flange f,Figs. 4l, 5, 7, and 8, and escapes up the smoke-Hue.

It may be observed that no further precaution is necessary in' the use of this boiler than to note that some one of the valves be always open, so thatl there may be an escape for steani--that is, when all the valves are thrown out of use and closed upon objects acted upon the valve connected with the smoke pipe should be opened-and also to note that the water in the supply-tub be kept up, so as to secure the immersion of all the surfaces of the, boiler whichare exposed `to the direct heat ofthe furnace.

For manufacturing and mechanical purposes with power conveniently at hand a force- The same may be fastl pump maybe added to contribute to the supply of water, or a jet orcondnctorf rom a flume or other reservoir of Water-may be taken in quantity more than a supply and graduate the level desired by aWaste-Weir; but for all temporary purposes' the supply-tub sufficiently filled at the commencement ot' its use is all that is necessary.

Having thus fully described the nature of our invention and the manner in which We carry the same into operation, what We claim therein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The manner in'which We have constructed and combined the respective parts of our boiler or steam-generator with each other, as above described-that is to say, the formation of the water-cells, consisting of one which surrounds vthe three sides ot' what We i have denominated the principal casting, extending down to the lower edge of said casting and having three or any preferred number of Water-cells intermediate between the cells at the sides of the principal casting, said intermediate cells extending down so far as to leave the requisite space for the lire-charnber, and having spaces between them which are to be converted into reverberating ilues by means of partition or division pieces, lo-

in the Way described, so that it Will draw from the mold and may be cast in a single pair of flasks without the employment ot' cores.

It is to be distinctly understood that, al-

though we have given specific directions for forming the respective parts of our boiler,we do not intend to limit ourselves to the precise form and number of parts, but to vary these as 'We may think proper, while We attain the same end by means substantially the same. It may be found convenient, for example, to cast the bars of the division-piece separate from each other instead of connecting them to a front piece to which the door is hinged. This We give as an example of changes kthat would not alter the real construction or mode of action.

DUDLEY MARVIN. f ORAN W. SEELY.

Witnesses:

B. K. MoRsELL, W. THOMPSON. 

